The northern bald ibis, once believed extinct in Europe, has made a stunning return after 300 years. Conservation efforts have revived its population, allowing it to thrive once more.
Key Highlights: 1. Once thought extinct, the northern bald ibis returns. 2. Conservation efforts boost population to over 500 individuals. 3. Reintroduction programs help restore migratory routes in Europe.
In an incredible turn of events, the northern bald ibis, once believed to be extinct in Europe, has returned to the skies after 300 years. This bird has deep roots in history, having been significant in ancient cultures. For example, in ancient Egypt, it symbolized “spirit,” while local legends in Turkey tell that it was the first bird to fly from Noah’s Ark, representing fertility.
However, by the 20th century, the population of northern bald ibises had drastically decreased, almost leading to extinction due to hunting, habitat loss, and pesticides. At one point, there were only 59 breeding pairs left. Previously, these birds were common in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and central Europe, but eventually, their presence was limited to Morocco.
Thanks to conservation efforts, the northern bald ibis is making a comeback in both Morocco and parts of Europe. In Morocco, Souss-Massa National Park has provided a safe environment for breeding and feeding. Now, the wild population has risen to over 500 individuals, and they have moved from being classified as Critically Endangered to Endangered. This change is a significant milestone for their recovery.
Successful Reintroduction in Europe
Recently, through reintroduction programs in Spain’s Andalusia, the northern bald ibis has successfully returned to the wild. This initiative started in 2004 when the birds were raised by human caregivers and gradually released into their natural habitat.
In Austria and Germany, a special program led by biologist Johannes Fritz is helping restore their migratory patterns. Since the birds raised in captivity do not know how to migrate, Fritz and his team guide them using an ultralight aircraft. The team has taught the birds to follow this aircraft, leading them from Germany to southern Europe. Recently, the migration route has been adjusted to end in Spain due to changes in the environment.
